Seaman personal blog

Oleh: Mas Edy

On shore, 21 January 2010

‘International Safety Management (ISM) Code means the International Management Code for the safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention

The purpose of ISM Code is:

* To ensure Safety at Sea

* To prevent human injury or loss of life

* To avoid damage to the environment and to the ship.

SOLAS adopted the ISM Code in 1994 and incorporated it into chapter IX. By 1998 much of the commercial shipping community was required to be in compliance with the ISM code. By 2002 almost all of the international shipping community was required to comply with the ISM Code.

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Oleh: Mas Edy

On shore, 20 January 2010

MARPOL POLLUTION – 73/78

Marpol contains 6 annexes, concerned with preventing different forms of marine pollution from ships:

Annex I: Prevention of pollution by oil

Annex II: Control of pollution by noxious liquid substances

Annex III: Prevention of pollution by harmful substances in packaged form

Annex IV: Prevention of pollution by sewage from ships

Annex V: Prevention of pollution by garbage from ships

Annex VI: Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships

1. Annex I : Peraturan pencegahan pencemaran yang ditimbulkan oleh minyak (Oil) in bulk.

2. Annex II : Peraturan pencegahan pencemaran yang ditimbulkan oleh cairan berbahaya dalam bentuk curah ( Noxious liquid substances in bulk )

3. Annex III : Peraturan pencegahan pencemaran yang ditimbulkan oleh Zat – Zat berbahaya dalam kemasan ( Harmfull substances in package )

4. Annex IV : Peraturan pencegahan pencemaran yang ditimbulkan oleh pembuangan kotoran ( Sewage )

5. Peraturan pencegahan pencemaran yang ditimbulkan oleh Sampah ( Garbage ).

6. Peraturan pencegahan pencemaran yang ditimbulkan oleh Pencemaran udara ( Air pollution )

Isi dalam MARPOL bukan melarang pembuangan zat-zat pencemar ke laut, tetapi mengatur cara pembuangan nya. Agar dgn pembuangan tersebut laut tidak tercemar ( rusak ), dan ekosistim laut tetap terjaga.

Seperti pada Annex I , kapal masih membuang minyak kelaut dgn ketentuan :

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Oleh: Mas Edy

On shore, 19 January 2009

Selang pemuatan harus sesuai spesifikasi standar penguasa nasional seperti British Standards Institution (BS 1435) atau sesuai rekomendasi OCIMF.

Selang harus di gunakan sesuai fungsinya, untuk penggunaan biasa ada tiga macam/tipe:

# R – rough bore, adalah selang yang di perkuat dengan kawat di gunakan untuk penggunaan berat (heavy ducy), utk sub marine dan floating adalah R X M.

# S – smooth bore, Selang yg tidak di perkuat dgn lilitan kawat, di gunakan utk keperluan lebih ringan ( lighter) utk floating & sub marine adalah S X M.

# L – light weight, untuk keperluan-keperluan ringan misalnya bunkering.

Selang tidak boleh digunakan melebihi klafikasinya. Klafikasi selang adalah berdasarkan besarnya tekanan atau besarnya kecepatan aliran (flow velocity). Sesuai spesifikasi OCIMF maka;

L & S dengan flow velocities 12 m/scc (40 feet / sec)

R dengan flow velocities 15 m.scc (50 feet / sec).

TESTING SELANG

Testing harus dilaksanakan secara berkala dan

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Oleh: Mas Edy

On board, 15 December 2009

Sumber loss

Loss yang bersifat Fisik

Loss yang bersifat Semu

Sifat Minyak

Minyak bumi mempunyai titik didih yang sangat banyak yaitu dari titik didih 25 C s/d 500 C.

Selain senyawa hydrocarbon, dalam minyak bumi terdapat senyawa sulfur, metal, nitrogen, air dll.

Minyak sukar di ukur volumenya dengan tepat karena sangat rentan berubah pada perubahan suhu dan bentuk tanki.

Pengambilan Contoh Minyak dari Tanki

Composite spot

Middle spot

All-levels

Running sample

Sample cocks

Pemeriksaan Contoh Minyak

Dengan menggunakan Hydrometer, disesuaikan pada suhu 15 C.

Untuk minyak yang lebih kental dan hitam diadakan koreksi miniskus yang tepat.

Hasil pengukuran dengan hydrometer yang di laksanakan pengukurannya mendekati suhu minyak yang sebenarnya.

Ketepatan pengukuran density sangat di perlukan untuk dapat di konversi ke volume standard 15C.

Density dapat menentukan kualitas crude.

Density cairan merupakan berat massa tersebut dalam kilogram dengan volume dalam liter pada suhu standard (15C)

SG merupakan perbandingan antara berat suatu massa dalam suatu volume tertentu pada suhu 60 F dengan berat massa air murni pada volume yang sama dengan suhu yang sama

Nilai observed merupakan hasil pemeriksaan pada suhu saat pemeriksaan, yang suhunya dapat berbeda beda.

Ketelitian Peralatan : Alat Ukur Manual

Alat pengukuran level cairan.

Alat pengukuran air bebas.

Alat pengukuran suhu.

Alat pengambilan sample.

Alat pengukuran density.

Ketelitian SDM

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Oleh: Mas Edy

On board, 05 November 2009

Berikut ini saya merangkum beberapa perhitungan Muatan untuk tanker charter pertamina:

I. MEMUAT

Setelah selesai memuat/ loading perhatikan:

1. Draft

2. Sounding Tanki

3. Sample ( SG, dan Temperature)

Rumus:

KL.OBS  x  DAFT.54 = NET.KL 15°C

NET.15°C x DAFT.52 = BARELS 60`F

NET.15°C x DAFT.57 = L/T (Long Ton)

L/T x 1.01605            = MT (Metric Ton)

Atau untuk muatan dgn temperatere tinggi T.E.F di perhitungkan (Tank Expansion Factor)

OBS VOL           =

T.E.F                  =                                        x

GKL                   =

VCF (table 54 )=                                          x

NET.KL 15°C      =

(table.52)          =                                          x

BRLS                   =

NET.KL 15°C    =

WCF                    =                                     x ( Density – 0.0011)

M/T                    =

atau     L/T x  1.01605   =  M/T

NET.KL 15°C      =

(TABLE.57)         =                                      x

L/T                       =

Cargo density at 15°C based on table 53 (ASTM D1250)

Volume Correction Factor based on table 54 (ASTM D1250)

Net volume in Kilo Liter at 15°C.

Volume Convertion Factor based on table 52 (ASTM D1250)

Volume in Barrels at 60°F.

Weight Convertion Factor based on table 57 (ASTM D1250)

DALAM PEMUATAN DI PELABUHAN LOADING Selisih muatan antara darat dengan kapal saat muat harus kurang dari 0.30 % ( Perbedaan ini di sebut R1)

Contoh:

Angka darat adalah: y

Angka Kapal adalah: x

satuan angka yang di gunakan pertamina adalah Barrels , jadi patokan Barrels

RUMUS :         x – y    x 100  …….  ( harus kurang dari 0.30 % )

BL

Apabila Lebih dari 0.30 % selisih nya (angka kapal kecil di banding angka darat) maka,

Oleh: Mas Edy

On board, 21 August 2009

What is an Electronic chart display system?

An electronic chart display system is a general term for all electronic equipment that is capable of displaying a vessel’s position on a chart image on a screen.

There are two classes of electronic chart display systems. The first is an ECDIS (Electronic Chart Display and Information System), which can meet IMO/SOLAS chart carriage re­quirements. The second is an ECS (Electronic Chart System), which can be used to assist navigation, but does not meet IMO/SOLAS chart carriage requirements.

ECDIS

ECDIS equipment is specified in the IMO ECDIS Performance Standards as follows:

Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) means a navigation information system which, with adequate back up arrangements, can be accepted as complying with the up-to-date chart required by regulation V/1 9 & V/27 of the 1974 SOLAS Convention.

Where the term ECDIS is used in this document, this is to be understood as those naviga­tional electronic chart systems, which have been tested, approved and certified as com­pliant with the IMO ECDIS Performance Standards and other relevant IMO Performance Standards and thus is compliant with SOLAS ECDIS requirements.

ECS

ECS is specified in ISO 19379 as follows:

ECS is a navigation information system that electronically displays vessel position and relevant nautical chart data and information from an ECS Database on a display screen, but does not meet all the IMO requirements for ECDIS and is not intended to satisfy the SOLAS Chapter V require­ments to carry a navigational chart.

ECS equipment ranges from simple hand held GPS enabled devices to sophisticated stand­alone computer equipment interfaced to ship systems.

Where are the rules for professional marine navigation written down?

The 1974 International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS 1974), subse­quently amended in 2000 and 2002, specifies the requirements for the navigational equip­ment to be used onboard ships entitled to fly the flag of a party to the convention. This Convention was adopted by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO), the United Nations Organisation that is concerned with maritime transportation.

IMO member states are obliged to adopt IMO rules and regulations into their national leg­islation. However, only when the convention text has been incorporated into national leg­islation does it take effect for the individual ships registered in that country. This process of incorporation into national legislation may vary from a few months to several years.

The country in which a ship is registered and hence which flag it is flying is known as the Flag State. It is the national maritime administration representing the Flag State, which controls the adherence to the SOLAS carriage requirements (Flag State control).

The national maritime administration is also responsible for Port State control. Ships arriv­ing at a port may be subject to Port State control by local officials (Port State Control Of­ficers – PSCOs) based on Flag State regulations and international agreements. Port states

cooperate within regions to apply consistent standards, for example the European nations and Canada cooperate under the umbrella of the Paris Memorandum of Understanding (Paris MOU).

What are the IMO requirements for the carriage of nautical charts?

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Oleh: Mas Edy

On Friday, 31 July 2009

History

The IMO states that "The International Ship and Port Facility Security Code (ISPS Code) is a comprehensive set of measures to enhance the security of ships and port facilities, developed in response to the perceived threats to ships and port facilities in the wake of the 9/11 attacks in the United States" (IMO)

Development and implementation were speeded up drastically in reaction to the September 11, 2001 attacks and the bombing of the French oil tanker Limburg. The U.S. Coast Guard, as the lead agency in the United States delegation to the International Maritime Organization (IMO), advocated for the measure. The Code was agreed at a meeting of the 108 signatories to the SOLAS convention in London in December 2002. The measures agreed under the Code were brought into force on July 1, 2004

Scope

The Code is a two-part document describing minimum requirements for security of ships and ports. Part A provides mandatory requirements. Part B provides guidance for implementation.

The ISPS Code applies to ships on international voyages (including passenger ships, cargo ships of 500 GT and upwards, and mobile offshore drilling units) and the port facilities serving such ships.

The main objectives of the ISPS Code are:

To detect security threats and implement security measures

To establish roles and responsibilities concerning maritime security for governments, local administrations, ship and port industries at the national and international level

To collate and promulgate security-related information

To provide a methodology for security assessments so as to have in place plans and procedures to react to changing security levels

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Oleh: Mas Edy

On Friday, 26 June 2009

PLAN MAINTENANCE SYSTEM (PMS)

Apa itu PMS? beberapa minggu yang lalu di telivisi nasional rame pemberitaan mengenai kecelakaan pesawat TNI angkatan udara kita yang berjatuhan tak berdaya. Kemudian bermunculan lah opini dan saling lempar tangung jawab. dalam perdebatan, pembicaraan yang sempat terlintas di kuping saya ketika sedang liwat di depan pesawat televisi adalah sebuah kata yang mengimpirasi saya sehingga saya menulis artikel ini adalah PEMELIHARAAN.

Pemeliharaan adalah Sebuah kata yang menurut saya sangat bermakna bagi sesuatu milik kepunyaan, property atau benda. Sehingga kata tersebut menjadi harapan bagi pemilik benda agar kalo bisa tetap berkualitas, tetap kuat, tahan lama dan tetap eksis “kata yang empunya barang”

Tetapi apalah di kata.. hukum alam tidak bisa di ubah tetapi hanya bisah di minimalis pengaruhnya. Dari persaingan bersama waktu mulai dari saat material sudah di bentuk menjadi sebuah benda yang dikenal sampai dengan suatu masa dimana yang oleh para pencipta alat tersebut menamakan nya Expire. Batas waktu karena proses kimia.“Waktu melapukan Kayu” atau pun pada sebuah batas waktu di mana “besi menjadi karat” sehingga tidak layak di gunakan.

Dari inspirasi saya tersebut saya mencoba mengaitkannya dengan dunia kita di dunia pelayaran, pengoperasian Armada kapal Laut atau merchant ships untuk berniaga. Di atur dalam Safety management code for ship yang kita kenal ISM Code adalah “Plan Maintenance system” PMS.

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